Food Insecurity Evaluation and Prevention in Climate Change in West Africa: Case Study of Senegal

Abstract

especially developing ones, have implemented several projects and programmes to address and prevent food insecurity in a context of climate change. The relationship between food insecurity and climate change deserves reflection. Therefore, it is important to examine the resilience of Senegalese households to climate change variations facing food insecurity. As part of this study, a survey was carried out among 2517 households throughout the country. The data obtained, combined with information on minimum and maximum temperatures and 20-year rainfall (2000-2020) enabled the study to be carried out. After a description of the data showing household characteristics, a Multiple Correspondence Analysis (MCA) was conducted to summarize information on household characteristics. The MCA results have been attached to the hierarchical classification to form a household typology. In addition, indicators for measuring food insecurity have been calculated and modelled, following a multiple regression at two levels (the commune at the first level and the households in the communes at the second level) to illustrate the determinants. In each model, the effects of climate change were simulated on the basis of an increase in minimum temperature, maximum temperature and rainfall. Measures to prevent these effects of climate change have been simulated through an increase in agricultural income, transfers, wages and social assistance or donations.In summury, the results distinguished between three groups of households: rich, middle income and poor. In addition, the synthetic index of food insecurity formed from the five indicators used here, shows that migrant transfer and trade are more consistent in significantly reducing the level of household insecurity while the minimum temperature significantly increases food insecurity. Food insecurity is higher in rural areas than in urban areas. The results of the simulation of the effects of climate change have disproportionate consequences depending on the index studied