A Review of the Supply Chain of Green Hydrogen Production in West Africa: Challenges and Opportunities

Abstract

Hydrogen started having more relevance with the energy crisis and climate change events. West African countries seem to be a solution to unlock a part of the energy shortage with its potential in green hydrogen estimated at up to 165,000 terawatt-hours per year by using wind and solar energy, of which 120,000 terawatt-hours could be produced for 2.50 euros per kilogram (Edgar, 2021). For West Africa to take advantage of its hydrogen potential and avoid the most predominated risks related to technology, environment, economy, and social aspects, a review of challenges and opportunities in the supply chain for green hydrogen production in West Africa could be an important step in shaping the future hydrogen business in that particular region. three countries are selected as case studies based on a review of their characteristics such as geography, political stability, support for renewable energy and green hydrogen development, and green hydrogen production potential, among others. A series of criteria are defined and assessed to understand and evaluate the current status of the supply chain for green hydrogen in West Africa based on a comparative methodology. This thesis provides an overview of strategies to address the challenges and opportunities for green hydrogen production in West Africa.