Abstract:
In the context of climate change, the study of shoreline dynamics is a critical
issue concerning economic losses in coastal countries. Therefore, since it is an
important parameter to study the impacts of climate change in coastal areas,
scientists are more interested in littoral studies seeking deep existential knowledge.
This study aims to depict separately the coastal dynamics from 1990 to
2020 in Dakar region. The difference in terms of geologic, geomorphologic
and hydrodynamic conditions within the three different coasts of Dakar and
the prediction until 2040 have been taken into account in comparison to the
previous studies. To achieve this purpose, the Geographic Information System
(GIS) approach which is among the most current methods to determine
the coastline dynamics is used. Historical Landsat images from the USGS,
QGIS 3.12.0, Arc GIS 10.4 and DSAS software have been used for the Landsat
images pre-processing and coastline dynamic computation. After obtaining
the coastline velocity rate, some predictions of future coastline position have
been estimated using the formula of velocity. The results showed that the Dakar
region is characterized by an average rate of retreat about −0.44 m/year
on the northern coast. The western and southern coasts record respectively a
rate of about 0.21 and −0.11 m/year. In 2030, the average rates of retreat of
−4.4, 2.1 and −1.1 m/year were estimated respectively in the northern, western
and southern coasts.
